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Virus-Like Particles as a Flexible Platform for Mucosal Vaccine Delivery

Anti-Qbeta and anti-EC1 titers in mucosal washes of immunized rats.

Anti-Qbeta and anti-EC1 titers in mucosal washes of immunized rats.

For the purposes of this report, readers should focus on the differences between the rats receiving only IM immunizations (black) versus rats receiving any or all aerosolized vaccine (striped, dots). Only the aerosolized vaccine was successful at inducing IgA responses in mucosal tissues.

Credits: Zoe Hunter, University of New Mexico